Identifying Novel Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Diseases Using Convolution Neural Network

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and memory loss, with early and accurate diagnosis remaining a critical challenge. Recent advances in genomic technologies have enabled large-scale gene sequencing to identify genetic biomarkers associated with Alzheimer’s. In this project, we propose a deep learning approach leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to analyze gene sequencing data for early detection of Alzheimer’s disease. Raw nucleotide sequences are preprocessed using one-hot encoding and segmented into uniform lengths, enabling CNNs to learn spatial patterns within genomic sequences that correlate with Alzheimer’s pathology. Our CNN model extracts high-level features from these sequences and performs classification to distinguish between AD-positive and AD-negative samples. Experimental results on publicly available datasets demonstrate the potential of CNNs in achieving high accuracy and robust performance, indicating that deep learning-based sequence analysis can serve as an effective, non-invasive tool for early diagnosis and risk assessment of Alzheimer’s disease. The proposed framework contributes to precision medicine by enabling automated, scalable, and interpretable analysis of genetic information.

Country : India

1 Aman Varma2 Aniruddha Deshpande3 Ashay Mane4 Prof. Anup Dange

  1. Student, Department of Computer Engineering, G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering and Management Wagholi, Pune, Maharashtra, India
  2. Student, Department of Computer Engineering, G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering and Management Wagholi, Pune, Maharashtra, India
  3. Student, Department of Computer Engineering, G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering and Management Wagholi, Pune, Maharashtra, India
  4. Professor, Department of Computer Engineering, G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering and Management Wagholi, Pune, Maharashtra, India

IRJIET, Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2026 pp. 133-138

doi.org/10.47001/IRJIET/2026.101016

References

  1. Y. Zhang et al., “Alzheimer’s Disease Prediction Using CNNs on Genomic Data,” IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, vol. 33, no. 8, pp. 3456–3465, 2022.
  2. J. Liu and X. Wang, “Hybrid Deep Learning for Alzheimer’s Gene Analysis,” IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 114–124, 2023.
  3. H. Kim et al., “Deep Learning for Genetic Risk Prediction,” IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 98101–98110, 2021.
  4. R. Singh et al., “Genomic Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease Detection,” IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering, vol. 17, pp. 215–225, 2024.
  5. M. Tanaka et al., “AI-based Genomic Analysis in Neurodegenerative Disorders,” IEEE Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 458–467, 2022.
  6. B. A. Hamed, M. S. Rahman, M. M. Rahman, and A. Al Mamun, “Identifying key genetic variants in Alzheimer’s disease progression using Graph Convolutional Networks,” J. Big Data, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1–20, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://journalofbigdata.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40537-025-01228-0
  7. M. Rohini, S. O. Manoj, and D. Surendran, “Intelligent Alzheimer’s diseases gene association prediction model using deep regulatory genomic neural networks (DRCNN),” Adv. Alzheimer's Dis., vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 32–45, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.3233/ADR-230083
  8. J. Park, H. Kim, and S. Lee, “Deep learning with neuroimaging and genomics in Alzheimer’s disease,” Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 22, no. 15, pp. 7911, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/15/7911
  9. L. Tao, Y. Wang, Y. Chen, and M. Gao, “SGUQ: Staged Graph Convolution Neural Network for Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis using Multi‑Omics Data,” arXiv preprint, arXiv: 2410.11046, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.11046
  10. X. Liu, R. Huang, Q. Lin, and M. Zhang, “ScAtt: an Attention-based architecture to analyze Alzheimer’s disease at cell type level from single-cell RNA-sequencing data,” arXiv preprint, arXiv: 2405.17433, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.17433