International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology - IRJIET International Open Access, Monthly, Peer Reviewed, Reputed Journal ISSN (online): 2581-3048

Impact Factor (2025): 6.9

DOI Prefix: 10.47001/IRJIET

IoT-Based Black Box System Using CAN Protocol for Automobiles

Abstract

Road accidents remain one of the major causes of fatalities and property loss, primarily due to delayed response, lack of evidence, and unmonitored driver behavior. This project presents an IoT-enabled Car Black Box System designed to enhance vehicle safety, monitor driving conditions, and assist post-accident investigation. The system integrates Raspberry Pi 3B+ with various sensors such as ADXL335 accelerometer, HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, MQ-3 alcohol sensor, and limit switch to continuously collect real-time data related to vehicle motion, distance, and driver condition. In case of an accident or abnormal event, the system automatically triggers alerts through a buzzer and restricts vehicle movement via the L298N motor driver. A secondary Arduino Nano unit handles GPS tracking, GSM communication, and on-board display for immediate status updates. The recorded data is transmitted to cloud servers through an ESP-01 IoT module, while MCP2515 supports CAN-based vehicle data logging. The system functions as a cost-effective black box, providing crucial evidence during accidents, enabling emergency response, and supporting analysis for improved road safety.

Country : India

1 Tejasvi Nigade2 Dr. Kanchan Vaidya

  1. Student, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Ajeenkya D. Y. Patil School of Engineering (SPPU), Pune, Maharashtra, India
  2. Professor, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Ajeenkya D. Y. Patil School of Engineering (SPPU), Pune, Maharashtra, India

IRJIET, Volume 10, Issue 3, March 2026 pp. 130-135

doi.org/10.47001/IRJIET/2026.103017

Full Paper
Download

References

  1. P. Ramane, A. Ghode, K. Avhare, and K. Raut, “Car Accident & Alcohol Detector & Recorder Blackbox,” IJRPR, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 5366–5368, Mar. 2025.
  2. S. Chavan, M. G. V., and D. M. Bhalerao, “Vehicle Black Box,” IJAEM, vol. 4, no. 11, pp. 546–549, Nov. 2022.
  3. P. Kiranmayee, P. S. K. Patra, and A. Anand, “Wireless Blackbox for Cars Using Sensors and GPS Module,” J. Xi’an Univ. Archit. Technol., vol. XIV, no. 1, pp. 145–148, 2022.
  4. P. Jadhavar, S. Kumbhar, and M. Shinde, “Car Black Box System for Accident Analysis using IoT,” JETIR, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 45–51, Mar. 2025.
  5. D. B. Madihalli and S. Kodekalmath, “Wireless Black Box System for Vehicles,” Int. J. Eng. Res., vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 101–106, May 2020.
  6. A. Jain, O. Phadke, and A. Chandorkar, “Survey on Vehicle Black Box,” IJRPR, vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 2104–2108, 2023.
  7. P. A. Khayum, P. Bhargavi, G. Shaankari, and K. Niharika, “Vehicle Blackbox System for Accident Analysis using IoT,” IJCRT, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 140–148, 2025.
  8. P. Josephinshermila, J. J. Jerlin, and R. Nivedhitha, “Accident Detection using Automotive Smart Black-Box Based Monitoring System,” Measurement: Sensors, vol. 25, pp. 1–9, 2023.
  9. A.Chandorkar, O. Phadke, and A. Jain, “Vehicle Blackbox,” IJRPR, vol. 4, no. 5, pp. 5979–5982, 2023.
  10. P. V. K. Durga Prasad et al., “Black Box for Automobiles,” J. Eng. Sci., vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 291–296, 2023.
  11. P. V. Teke et al., “Smart Vehicle Black Box,” IJRESM, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 98–101, Jun. 2021.
  12. S. R. Patil et al., “Vehicle Black Box System,” IJRPR, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 2294–2298, 2023.
  13. M. Ali and R. Khan, “Implementation of RFID and NFC for Public Transit Fare Automation,” J. Transp. Eng. Technol., vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 55–64, 2021.
  14. H. Kim and J. Lee, “IoT-Based Vehicle Accident Detection and Emergency Response System,” IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst., vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 1002–1010, May 2021.
  15. Y. Zhang and X. Wang, “Cloud-Based Vehicle Monitoring and Safety Alert System Using IoT Technology,” Int. J. IoT Appl., vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 200–209, 2020.
  16. G. Monika, V. Pranjal, V. Vidya, and P. J. G. Pathak, “Car Black Box System for Accident Analysis Using IoT,” IJARSCT, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 128–132, May 2023.
  17. M. Lakshmi et al., “Wireless Blackbox for Cars Using Sensors and GPS Module,” IJRASET, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 2204–2209, Mar. 2024.
  18. M. Thanzeel et al., “Vehicle Black Box System,” Int. J. Sci. Res. Technol., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 137–143, 2025.
  19. A.Kumar et al., “AI-Enabled Vehicle Accident Detection and Alert System,” IJSRET, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 88–95, 2024.
  20. S. Reddy et al., “IoT-Enabled Smart Black Box for Vehicles,” IJESC, vol. 14, no. 7, pp. 102–108, 2024.
  21. L. Gupta et al., “Low-Cost IoT-Based Vehicle Black Box,” IJAER, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 210–215, 2024.
  22. N. Patel et al., “Blockchain-Based Data Integrity for Vehicle Black Box Systems,” IJSREM, vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 211–218, 2023.
  23. R. Rodriguez et al., “Fleet Black Box for Driver Behavior Monitoring,” IJRITCC, vol. 11, no. 12, pp. 90–95, 2023.
  24. P. N. Sutar, R. R. Raikar, T. D. Shinde, S. S. Upadhyay, N. S. Davane, and U. J. Maisale, “Vehicle Black Box and Security System Using Microcontroller,” IRJMETS, vol. 5, no. 11, pp. 3338–3340, Nov. 2023
  25. M. Chavan, R. Pawar, K. Rane, and M. Kumar, “Study of Smart Black Box for Automobiles,” TIJER International Research Journal, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 587–589, Apr. 2025.
  26. S. R. Deshmukh, “Car Black Box System,” IRJET, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 3344–3347, Apr. 2022.
  27. M. Vanitha, K. Arunkumar, A. Hemamalini, and Y. Alam, “A Smart IoT Based Black-Box System for Automobiles,” J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., vol. 2484, 012052, 2023.
  28. A.Garcia-Barrientos et al., “Design and Implementation of a Car’s Black Box System Using a Raspberry Pi and a 4G Module,” Appl. Sci., vol. 12, no. 5730, pp. 1–10, Jun. 2022.

Copyright @ 2026 IRJIET. All Right Reserved.

Licensed underCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.