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ESTD Year: 2017 | Impact Factor (2026): 8.7
DOI Prefix: 10.47001/IRJIET
ESTD Year: 2017 | Impact Factor (2026): 8.7
DOI Prefix: 10.47001/IRJIET
Vol 10 No 6 (2026): Volume 10, Issue 6, June 2026 | Pages: 134-139
International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology
OPEN ACCESS | Research Article | Published Date: 16-06-2026
Ammonia co-firing is increasingly considered a transitional decarbonization strategy for existing coal-fired power plants because ammonia contains no carbon and can theoretically reduce direct CO₂ emissions from fuel combustion. However, its combustion characteristics differ from coal and may affect boiler efficiency, heat-loss distribution, and Net Plant Heat Rate (NPHR). This study evaluates the available-data-based performance implications of low-ratio ammonia co-firing (1%, 2%, and 3%) in a 300 MW subcritical tangentially fired coal boiler located in Pandeglang, Banten, Indonesia. A quantitative performance-test framework was used, with boiler efficiency evaluated using the indirect method based on ASME PTC 4 and plant heat-rate assessment based on net electrical output. The available spreadsheet data provided coal laboratory properties, including an as-received higher heating value of 4,276.59 kcal/kg, total moisture of 33.23 wt%, carbon content of 44.87 wt%, and a baseline coal flow of 162.78 t/h. Based on a 280 MW net-load assumption, the baseline heat input was 696.15 × 10⁶ kcal/h and the reference NPHR was 2,486.26 kcal/kWh. Replacing 1–3% of fuel energy with ammonia requires approximately 1.30–3.89 t/h of NH₃, reduces coal use to 161.15–157.90 t/h, and provides an estimated CO₂ displacement of 2.68–8.03 t/h. The data also indicate additional water-vapor formation of 2.06–6.18 t/h from ammonia combustion and an estimated unburned-carbon heat loss of 1.044% under baseline coal operation. APH evaluation shows a valid gas-side effectiveness of 60.63% for APH B, while the APH A gas-side effectiveness of 106.29% requires verification. Final boiler-efficiency and complete heat-loss values still require flue-gas composition, oxygen, CO, CO₂, humidity, and complete performance-test data.
Ammonia co-firing, boiler efficiency, heat loss, NPHR; coal-fired power plant, air preheater.
Muhammad Sofiyudin Aziiz, Silviana, & Widayat. (2026). Performance Evaluation of Boiler Efficiency and Net Plant Heat Rate (NPHR) under 1–3% Ammonia Co-Firing in a 300 MW Coal-Fired Power Plant. International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology - IRJIET, 10(6), 134-139. Article DOI https://doi.org/10.47001/IRJIET/2026.106015
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