Development and Evaluation of an Infra-Red Dryer for Grape Drying

Abstract

The main objective of the present work was to develop and evaluate a small scale industrial portable grape dryer using infrared radiation heating mechanism with capacity of 150 kg fresh grapes ( type Thompson seedless grapes) suitable for small farms and  rural areas. The dryer was developed, manufactured and tested. A standard dip emulsion pretreatment was used, this pretreatment increases drying rate because of cracks developed on the pretreated grape's surface. The quality evaluation tests showed the advantages of the developed dryer in giving high quality raisin based on the Egyptian Standard of dried grapes (Raisins) No., 285/2005 and in the International standard ISO 21527 (2008). The results also show that, drying grapes with infra-red drying method gives raisin with high safety in terms of microbial infection. 

Country : Egypt

1 Dr.Ahmed M. Matouk2 Dr.Mohammed M. El-Khouly3 Dr.Ahmed Tharwat4 Dr.Samy E. El-Far

  1. Prof. of food process Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dep. of Agric. Eng., Mansoura University, Egypt
  2. Prof. of food process Engineering and Director of Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Egypt
  3. Lecturer of Food Process Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dep. of Agric. Eng., Mansoura University, Egypt
  4. Lecturer of Food Process Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dep. of Agric. Eng., Mansoura University, Egypt

IRJIET, Volume 3, Issue 5, May 2019 pp. 16-21

References

  1. Abdelmotaleb, I. A.; M. M. El-Kholy; N. H. Abou-El-Hanaand and M A.Younis, (2009). Thin layer drying of garlic slices using infrared. Misr J. Ag. Eng., 26(1): 282- 305.
  2. AOAC (2007). Official Methods of the Analysis of AOAC. Published by AOAC International Maryland: USA.
  3. Doymaz. I., M. Pala (2002). The effect of dipping pretreatment on air drying rates of the seedless grapes. Journal of food engineering, 52, 413-417.
  4. Hebbar, H. U.; K. H. Vishwanathan and M. N. Ramesh, (2004). Development of combined infrared and hot air dryer for vegetables. Journal of Food Engineering 65, 557–563.
  5. Kumar, D.G. Praveen.; H. Umesh Hebbar.; D. Sukumar and M.N. Ramesh. (2005).Infrared and hot-air drying of onions. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 29 (2005) 132–150.
  6. Matouk, A. M.; M. M. El-Kholy; A. Tharwat and W. M. Abdelrahman (2014a). Infra- Red Drying of Lemon Slices. J. Soil Sci. and Agric. Eng., Mansoura Univ., Vol. 5 (4): 569-581
  7. Mongpraneet, S.; T. Abe and T. Tsurusaki, (2002). Accelerated drying of welsh onion by far infrared radiation under vacuum conditions. Journal of Food Engineering, 55, 147–156.
  8. Nowak, D. and P. P. Lewicki, (2004). Infrared drying of apple slices. Food Science and Emerging Technologies 5, 353– 360.
  9. Pangavhane, D.R.; R.L. Sawhney and P.N. Sarsavadia (1999). Effect of various dipping pretreatment on drying kinetics of Thompson seedless grapes. J. of food engineering, 39: 211-216.
  10. Ranganna S. (1977). Manual of Analysis of fruit and vegetable products. Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi.
  11. Sawai, J.; T. Nakai; A. Hashimoto and M. Shimizu, (2004). A comparison of the hydrolysis of sweet potato starch with b-amylase and infrared radiation allows prediction of reducing sugar production. Int J Food Sci Technol 39:967–74
  12. Sharma, G.P.; R.C. Verma and P.B. Pathare (2005). Mathematical modeling of infrared radiation thin layer drying of onion slices. Journal of Food Engineering, 71, 282 - 286.
  13. Togrul, H. (2005). Simple modeling of infrared drying of fresh apple slices. J. of Food Eng. 71:311– 23.
  14. International standard ISO 21527 (2008). Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs — Horizontal method for the enumeration of yeasts and molds. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20.
  15. International standard ISO 4833-1 (2013). Microbiology of the food chain — Horizontal method for the enumeration of microorganisms. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20.