Technical Feasibility of Wind Energy in Morocco through a Potential Analysis, Case Study

Abstract

This article studies the wind energy potential in the Taroudannt province by means of 09-years (2010-2018) wind speed data at 10 m altitude of wind energy using two-parameter Weibull distribution in Morocco, in order to develop this desert area which suffers from long dry seasons and poorly developed energy resources. The results provided the opportunity to implement and develop the urban wind energy sector in the Taroudannt province. The mean monthly wind speed and power density were calculated. Compared to other technologies, considered for their reasonable cost, the EWT DW 52 - 500kW - 50m wind turbine offered the best capacity factor of 13.81% and the best energy production more than 785 MWh. After analyzing the generation of wind energy, the province of Taroudannt must install wind turbines with a high blade height of more than 50 m in order to achieve an efficient harvest.

Country : Morocco

1 Mohammed Daoudi2 Abdelaziz Ait Sidi Mou3 Lahcen Ait Naceur4 Elmostapha Elkhouzai

  1. Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University Hassan 1st, Settat, Morocco
  2. Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University Hassan 2nd, Mohammedia, Morocco
  3. Laboratory of Environment, Development and Management of Space, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra, Morocco
  4. Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, University Hassan 1st, Settat, Morocco

IRJIET, Volume 4, Issue 7, July 2020 pp. 26-34

doi.org/10.47001/IRJIET/2020.407005

References

  1. Global Wind Energy Council, GWEC. http://www.gwec.net.
  2. High Commission for Planning, Morocco (2019).
  3. Ministry of Equipment, Transport, Logistics and Water (2019). https://www.equipement.gov.ma
  4. State Secretariat for Water (2019). https://www.water.gov.ma
  5. Justus, C. G., W. R. Hargraves et A. Yalcin, 1976. Nationwide Assessment of Potential Output from Wind-Powered Generators. Journal of Applied Meteorology 15(7): p. 673–678.
  6. Carta et al., 2009, 2009. A review of wind speed probability distributions used in wind energy analysis: Case studies in the Canary Islands. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 13(5): p. 933–955.
  7. A. Allouhi, O. Zamzoum, M.R. Islam, R. Saidur, T. Kousksou, A. Jamil, A. Derouich, Evaluation of wind energy potential in Morocco's coastal regions, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 72 (2017) 311–324.
  8. D. Mohammed, A. Abdelaziz, E. Mohammed, and E. Elmostapha, "Analysis of wind speed data and wind energy potential using Weibull distribution in Zagora, Morocco," International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 267-273, Oct. 2019. https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.8.3.267-273
  9. Kousksou T, Allouhi A, Belattar M, Jamil A, El Rhafiki T, Arid A, Zeraouli Y. Renewable energy potential and national policy directions for sustainable development in Morocco. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2015; 47:46–57.
  10. Mohammed Daoudi, Abdelaziz Ait Sidi Mou. (2020). Wind Potential Analysis and Wind Turbine Performance, Case Study. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(05), 8257-8265. Retrieved from http://sersc.org/journals/index.php/IJAST/article/view/18632
  11. Enzili M, Nayysa A, Affani F, Simonis P. Wind energy in Morocco. Potential state of the art perspectives. DEWI Mag 1998; 12:42–4.
  12. D. Mohammed, A. Abdelaziz, E. Mohammed, and E. Elmostapha, "Statistical Analysis of Wind Speed & Wind Direction in Tantan Province, Morocco," International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), Volume-8 Issue-4, Nov 2019. DOI:10.35940/ijrte. D8444.118419.
  13. Enzili M, Nayysa A, Affani F, Kabous A, Alhadadcha N, Qasir K. Les ressources éoliennes du Maroc –CDER- July 2007.
  14. J.A. Carta, P. Ramirez, S. Velazquez, A review of wind speed data probability distributions used in wind energy analysis case studies in the Canary Islands, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 13 (5) (2009) 933–955.
  15. H.-C. Lim, T.-Y. Jeong, Wind energy estimation of the Wol-Ryong coastal region, Energy 35 (12) (2010) 4700–4709.
  16. S.O. Olayinka, O.A. Olaolu, Assessment of Wind energy potential and the economics of wind power generation in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria, Energy Sustain. Develop. 16 (1) (2012) 78–83.
  17. A.-Y. Sultan, C. Yassine, Assessment of large-scale wind energy potential in the emerging city of Duqm (Oman), Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 47 (2015) 438– 447.
  18. M.M. Ba, H. Ramenah, C. Tanougast, Small wind power energy output prediction in a complex zone upon five years experimental data, J. Fundam. Renew. Energy Appl. 7 (2017) 226.
  19. M. Thapelo, A. Adedayo, H. Yskandar, Investigation seasonal wind energy potential in Vredendal, South Africa, J. Energy Southern Africa 29 (2) (2018) 77–83.
  20. M.A. Baseer, J.P. Meyer, Md. M. Alam, S. Rehman, Wind speed and power characteristics for Jubail industrial city, Saudi Arabia, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 52 (2015) 1193–1204.
  21. B. Ould Bilal, M. Ndongo, C.M.F. Kebe, V. Sambou, P.A. Ndiaye, Feasibility study of wind energy potential for electricity generation in the northwestern coast of Senegal, Eng. Proc. 36 (2013) 1119–1129.
  22. F. Fazelpour, N. Soltani, S. Soltani, M.A. Rosen, Assessment of wind energy potential and economics in the north-western Iranian cities of Tabriz and Ardabil, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 45 (2015) 87–99.
  23. Seguro, J. V., and T. W. Lambert. 2000. Modern estimation of the parameters of the Weibull wind speed distribution for wind energy analysis. J. Wind Eng. and Ind. Aerodynamics 85(1): 75−84.
  24. Press, W. H., B. P. Flannery, S. A. Teukolsky, and W. T. Vetterling. 1992. Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing. 2nd ed. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press.
  25. L. Bilir, M. Imir, Y. Devrim, A. Albostan, An investigation on wind energy potential and small scale wind turbine performance at _Incek region – Ankara, Turkey, Eng. Convers. Manag. 103 (2015) 910–923.
  26. E.K. Akpinar, S. Akpinar, An assessment on seasonal analysis of wind energy characteristics and wind turbine characteristics, Energy Convers. Manage. 46 (2005) 1848–1867.
  27. S.O. Oyedepo, M.S. Adaramola, S.S. Paul, Analysis of wind speed data and wind energy potential in three selected locations in south-east Nigeria, Int. J. Energy Environ. Eng. 3 (7) (2012) 1–11.
  28. E.K. Akpinar, S. Akpinar, An assessment on seasonal analysis of wind energy characteristics & wind turbine characteristics, Energy Convers. Manag. 46 (2005) 1848e1867.
  29. K. Mohammadia, A. Mostafaeipour, Using different methods for comprehensive study of wind turbine utilization in Zarrineh, Iran, Energy Convers. Manag. 65 (2013) 463e470.
  30. M. Elamouri, F.B. Amar, Evaluation du potentiel éolien de sept sites retenus au nord de la Tunisie, in: Séminaire international sur le génie climatique et Energétique, 2010.
  31. T.R. Ayodele, A.S.O. Ogunjuyigbe, T.O. Amusan, Wind power utilization assessment and economic analysis of wind turbines across fifteen locations in the six geographical zones of Nigeria, J. Clean. Prod. 129 (2016) 341–349.
  32. J.F. Manwell, J.G. McGowan, A.L. Rogers, Wind Energy Explained: Theory, Design and Application, John Wiley & Sons, 2010.
  33. G. Gualtieri, S. Secci, Methods to extrapolate wind resource to the turbine hub height based on power law: a 1-h wind speed vs. Weibull distribution extrapolation comparison, Renew. Eng. 43 (2012) 183–200.
  34. A.S. Ahmed Shata, R. Hanitsch, Electricity generation and wind potential assessment at Hurghada, Egypt, Renew. Eng. 33 (11) (2008) 141–148.
  35. C. Justus, A. Mikhail, Height variation of wind speed and wind distributions statistics, Geo. Res. Let. 3 (15) (1976) 261–264.
  36. M. Geokçek, A. Bayülken, S. Bekdemir, Investigation of wind characteristics and wind energy potential in Kirklareli, Turkey, Renew. Eng. 32 (10) (2007) 1739–1752.
  37. Nordex wind turbines. https://www.nordex-online.com. Accessed 18 january 2020.
  38. Norwin wind turbines. http://www.norwin.dk. Accessed 18 january 2020.
  39. EWT wind turbines. https://ewtdirectwind.com. Accessed 18 january 2020.
  40. A. I. Idriss, R. A. Ahmed, A. I. Omar et al., Wind energy potential and micro-turbine performance analysis in Djibouti-city, Djibouti, Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2019.06.004.