The outbreak of COVID-19 is a public health
emergency of international concern. Healthcare professionals of various
disciplines are addressing the problem of controlling the spread of the virus
while reducing the negative effect on the economy and society. In this research
article, the ANN approach was applied to analyze COVID-19 cases in Bolivia.
This study is based on daily new cases of COVID-19 in Bolivia for the period 1
January 2020 – 25 March 2021. The out-of-sample forecast covers the period 26
March 2021 – 31 July 2021. The residuals and forecast evaluation criteria
(Error, MSE and MAE) of the applied basic ANN model indicate that the model is
stable. Our findings show that daily COVID-19 cases will remain significantly
high in the out-of-sample period. We encourage the government of Bolivia to
continue enforcing control and preventive measures suggested by WHO, for
example, face-mask wearing, social distancing, isolations, and quarantine as
well as vaccinations.
Country : Zimbabwe
1 Dr. Smartson. P. NYONI2 Mr. Thabani NYONI3 Mr. Tatenda. A. CHIHOHO
ZICHIRe Project, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
Alamo, T., et al. (2020).
Data Driven Methods to Mentor, Model, Forecast and Control COVID-19 Pandemic
Leveraging Data Science, Epidemiology and Control Theory, medRxiv, pp: 1 – 65.
Haffajee, F. (2020). Free State Races to Curb COVID-19 Outbreak as
Angus Buchan Tests Positive and Country Cases Rise to 927, Daily Maverick, Pretoria
Haghanifar, A., et al.
(2020). COVID-CXNET: Detecting COVID-19 in Frontal Chest X-ray Images Using
Deep Learning, medRxiv, pp: 1 – 21.
Kapoor, A., et al. (2020).
Examining COVID-19 Forecasting Using Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Networks, medRxiv, pp: 1 – 6.
Li, Z., et al. (2020). A
Recurrent Neural Network and Differential Equation Based Spatiotemporal
Infectious Disease Model With Application to COVID-19, medRxiv, pp: 1 – 20.
Ng, M. Y., et al. (2020).
Imaging Profile of the COVID-19 Infection: Radiologic Findings and Literature
Review, Radiology: Cardiothoracic Imaging,
2 (1): 1 – 11.
WHO (2020). COVID-19 Situation Report N. 51, WHO, Geneva.