In this research article, the ANN approach was
applied to analyze TFR in Nepal. The employed annual data covers the period
1960-2018 and the out-of-sample period ranges over the period 2019-2030. The
residuals and forecast evaluation criteria (Error, MSE and MAE) of the applied
model indicate that the model is stable in forecasting TFR in Nepal. The
results of the study indicate that annual total fertility rates in Nepal are likely to be 1.9 births per
woman in most of the out-of-sample period. Therefore, the government is encouraged to promote child bearing by providing
pro-fertility incentives to couples and lowering the cost of raising children.
Country : Zimbabwe
1 Dr. Smartson. P. NYONI2 Tatenda. A. CHIHOHO3 Thabani NYONI
ZICHIRe Project, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
Independent Health Economist, Zimbabwe
SAGIT Innovation Center, Harare, Zimbabwe
IRJIET, Volume 5, Issue 8, August 2021 pp. 407-411
Castanheira.,
Helena Cruz and Kohler., & Hans-Peter (2015). "It is Lower than You
Think it is: Recent Total Fertility Rates in Brazil and Possibly Other Latin
American Countries" (2015). PSC Working Paper Series. 63.
https://repository.upenn.edu/psc_working_papers/63
Demena (2005). Melake
Demena (2005). Population and Development. Lecture notes for Health Science
Students. pp 1-153.
Ewa Batyra.,
Tiziana Leone., & Mikko Myrskylä (2021). Forecasting of Cohort Fertility by
Educational Level in Countries with Limited Data Availability: The Case of
Brazil, MPIDR Working Paper WP 2021-011 l June 2021 https://doi.org/10.4054/MPIDR-WP-2021-011
Castanheira.,
Helena Cruz, and Hans-Peter Kohler (2016). “It Is Lower than You Think It Is:
Recent Total Fertility Rates in Brazil and Possibly Other Latin American
Countries.” Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Population Association
of America, Washington DC., March 30-April 2, 2016
