Impact of Static Var Compensator (SVC) on Transient Stability of Power Network in Nigeria

The effect of the Static Var Compensator (SVC) on the transient stability of the Nigerian 330kV power transmission network connecting Afam to Port Harcourt was the main focus of this study. Software called the Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP) was used to create the network's single-line diagram and simulation. The experiment involved a thyristor-controlled reactor fixed capacitor (TCR-FC) type SVC. To allow for network instability, a three-phase short circuit fault was created in bus 5 at 0.8 seconds. At 0.9 seconds, the circuit breakers opened to clear the fault. The transient stability plot in figure 3 without SVC installation and before fault initiation at 0.8 seconds revealed that the system was running at synchronous speed with a rotor angle of 61.08 electrical degrees between 0.00 and 0.79 seconds. The rotor angle then climbed to 64.5 electrical degrees when the fault was first detected at 0.8 seconds. As seen from the first swing in figures 4 and 8, the addition of SVC of 75 MVAR rating at bus 12 reduced the maximum power angle deviation during a fault, from 64.5 electrical degrees (without SVC) to 64.1 electrical degrees (with SVC). This demonstrates how SVC significantly improved the transient stability of the network. By reducing the maximum power-angle deviation, the use of SVC will help maintain synchronism in some grave situations, such as more severe failures.