This study is carried out to ascertain the role of community self-help projects, in fostering infrastructural and economic development in rural communities in Cross River state of Nigeria. It focuses on their role in identifying relevant projects, project planning and execution, maintenance and revenue generation from such projects and the distribution of dividends from finished projects for community use. The study covered five (5) villages in Yala local Government of Cross River State: Echumofana, Ayi-ikachor, Oloko-Ogwope, Echiakpu and Akreha. The instrument used for data collection was the questionnaire. The findings of the study showed confirmation of the positive and overwhelming role of self-help projects in social and economic development in Yala Local Government area of Cross River State. It was recommended that The Community self-help approach be adopted by the Government in carrying out community-based projects, for greater accountability and sustainability.