Innovative Chewable Pectin and Agar-Agar Matrices for Zingiber Officinale Enhanced Vegan Gummies

Abstract

The aim of this research was to produce natural ingredients-based gummy bear composition, evaluate the influence of the selected ingredients on the textural properties of the product and its acceptance by the consumers, and the evaluation of the gummies' quality. Gummy bears were prepared using Zingiber officinale powder-containing chewable gels (CGs) based on gelatin, pectin, and agar-agar gelling agents. The CGs was characterized for their dissolution time, stability, microbial quality, swelling ratio, hardness, gumminess, and chewiness, as well as the interaction between these factors. F2 which met all the required physical characteristics for chewable-gummies, exhibiting no syneresis during storage, and providing superior texture compared to other formulations.

Country : India

1 Shubham dawale2 Suresh choudhary3 Kalpita etam4 Vikas choudhary5 Bharat vidhate

  1. Ideal College of Pharmacy and Research, Bhal, Kalyan Dist, Thane, Maharashtra, India
  2. Ideal College of Pharmacy and Research, Bhal, Kalyan Dist, Thane, Maharashtra, India
  3. Ideal College of Pharmacy and Research, Bhal, Kalyan Dist, Thane, Maharashtra, India
  4. Ideal College of Pharmacy and Research, Bhal, Kalyan Dist, Thane, Maharashtra, India
  5. Ideal College of Pharmacy and Research, Bhal, Kalyan Dist, Thane, Maharashtra, India

IRJIET, Volume 8, Issue 4, April 2024 pp. 223-228

doi.org/10.47001/IRJIET/2024.804032

References

  1. Henriksen, L.; Simonsen, J.; Haerskjold, A.; Linder, M.; Kieler, H.; Thomsen, S.F.; Stensballe, L.G. Incidence rates of atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in Danish and Swedish children. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2015, 136, 360–366.
  2. Agency, E.M. Reflection Paper: Formulations of Choice for the Paediatric Population. Available online: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/reflection-paper-formulations-choice- paediatric-population_en.pdf (accessed on 6 March 2019).
  3. Nunn, T.; Williams, J. Formulation of medicines for children. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 2005, 59, 674–676.
  4. Mueller, R.; Innerebner, F. Starch-Based Rubber-Elastic Confectionery. Google Patents US20060134311A1, 22 July 2006.
  5. Pizzoni, D.; Compagnone, D.; Di Natale, C.; D’Alessandro, N.; Pittia, P. Evaluation of aroma release of gummy candies added with strawberry flavours by gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry and gas sensors arrays. J. Food Eng. 2015, 167, 77–86.
  6. Déléris, I.; Saint-Eve, A.; Dakowski, F.; Sémon, E.; Le Quéré, J.-L.; Guillemin, H.; Souchon, I. The dynamics of aroma release during consumption of candies of different structures, and relationship with temporal perception. Food Chem. 2011, 127, 1615–1624.
  7. Kalviainen, N.; Roininen, K.; Tuorila, H. Sensory Characterization of Texture and Flavor of High Viscosity Gels Made with Different Thickeners. J. Texture Stud. 2000, 31, 407–420.
  8. Ervin, G.; Ervin, E. Health Characteristic Chewy or Gummy Candy Confection. Google Patents WO2011160003A1, 22 December 2011.
  9. García-Pedraza, L.G.; Juárez-Flores, B.I.; Aguirre-Rivera, J.R.; Pinos-Rodríguez, J.M.; Martínez, J.F.; Santoyo, M.E. Effects of Agave salmiana Otto ex Salm-Dick high-fructose syrup on non-diabetic and streptozotocin-diabetic rats. J. Med. Plants Res. 2009, 3, 930–938.
  10. Gold, M.S.; Johnson, D.R.; Ishimoto, T.; Lanaspa, M.A.; Zahniser, N.R.     Avena, N.M. Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder: Is it Time to Reappraise the Role of Sugar Consumption? AU-Johnson, Richard, J. Postgrad. Med. 2011, 123, 39–49.
  11. Suman, Kaushal M, Gupta A, Vaidya D, Ranjan K. Standardization of formulation for the preparation of ginger supplemented jelly candies. Pharma Innov J 2021;10:608–13.
  12. Dille MJ, Hattrem MN, Draget KI. Soft, chewable gelatin-based pharmaceutical oral formulations: a technical approach. Pharm Dev Technol 2018;23:504–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/10837450.2017.1332642.
  13. Čižauskaite U, Jakubaityte G, Žitkevičius V, Kasparavičiene G. Natural ingredients-based gummy bear composition designed according to texture analysis and sensory evaluation in vivo. Molecules 2019;24. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071442.
  14. Reichenbach LH, Lúcia de Oliveira Petkowicz C. Pectins from alternative sources and uses beyond sweets and jellies: An overview. Food Hydrocoll 2021;118:106824. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106824.
  15. Banjongsinsiri P, Donrung N, Pasakawee K. Effect of Gelation Addition on Physico - Chemical Characteristics of Bastard Oleoaster Gummy Jelly. ICoFAB 2020:1–7.
  16. Romieu I. On behalf of the IARC working group on Energy Balance and Obesity. Dossus L., Barquera S., Blottière H.M., Franks P.W., Gunter M., Hwalla N., Hursting S.D., Leitzmann M., et al. Energy balance and obesity: What are the main drivers? Cancer Causes Control. 2017;28:247–258. DOI: 10.1007/s10552-017-0869-z 21.
  17. Panchal SK, Poudyal H, Iyer A, Nazer R, Alam A, Diwan V, Kauter K, Sernia C, Campbell F, Ward L, et al. High carbohydrate, high-fat diet–induced metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular remodelling in rats: Erratum. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 2011;57:610. DOI: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181feb90a.
  18. Reichenbach LH, Lúcia de Oliveira Petkowicz C. Pectins from alternative sources and uses beyond sweets and jellies: An overview. Food Hydrocoll 2021;118:106824. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.106824.
  19. Fauzi MF, Aryani R, Cahya G, Darma E. Formulasisediaan gummy candy ekstrakbuahjeruknipis (Citrus aurantifolia (christm) swingle) dan uji aktivitasterhadap streptococcus mutans penyebabkariesgigi. Pros Farm 2015;1:821–8.
  20. Nurjanah N, Hidayati L, Kiranawati TM, Fatimah N, Susanto H. The characteristics and organoleptic qualities of Moringa oleifera jelly candy post kelor leave puree supplementation. AIP Conf Proc 2021;2353. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0052679.
  21. Plants M, Hateganu PI. Gelled Confectionery Product Supplemented With Guarana (PaulliniaCupanaKunth) Powder. Development and Characterization. Hop Med Plants 2020;28:202–10.
  22. Sohaimy SA El, Hamad GM, Mohamed SE, Amar MH, Al-hindi RR. Biochemical and functional properties of Moringa oleifera leaves and their potential as a functional food 2015;4:188–99.
  23. Mehwish HM, Riaz Rajoka MS, Xiong Y, Zheng K, Xiao H, Anjin T, et al. Moringa oleifera–A Functional Food and Its Potential Immunomodulatory Effects. Food Rev Int 2020;00:1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129.2020.1825479.
  24. Kadhim ZM, Ali WK. Preparation and evaluation of granisetron chewable pediatric oral jelly. Int J Drug Deliv Technol 2019;9:145–9. https://doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.v9i3.4.
  25. Prakash K, Satyanarayana VM, Nagiat HT, Fathi AH, Shanta AK, Prameela AR. Formulation development and evaluation of novel oral jellies of carbamazepine using pectin, guar gum, and gellan gum. Asian J Pharm 2014;8:241–9. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-8398.143937.
  26. Davydova N. USP Chewable Gels Monographs. USP Diet SupplStakehold Forum 2018:1–20.
  27. Augsburger LL, Hoag SW. Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms - Tablets. Pharm. Dos. Forms Tablets, vol. 2, 2008, p. 570. https://doi.org/10.3109/9781420020298.
  28. Kowalski G, Kijowska K, Witczak M, Kuterasiński L, Lukasiewicz M. Synthesis and effect of structure on swelling properties of hydrogels based on high methylated pectin and acrylic polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2019;11:1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11010114.
  29. Yuliana M, Rivero S, García MA, García MA. Functional Jelly Beans Based On Hydrocolloids And Citrus Cremogenates. J Multidiscip Eng Sci Technol 2017;4:2458–9403.
  30. Park H, Guo X, Temenoff JS, Tabata Y, Caplan AI, Kasper FK, et al. NIH Public Access 2010;10:541–6. https://doi.org/10.1021/bm801197m.Effect.
  31. Chandra M V., Shamasundar BA. Texture profile analysis and functional properties of gelatin from the skin of three species of freshwater fish. Int J Food Prop 2015;18:572–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2013.845787.
  32. Hashemi M, Ramezani V, Seyedabadi M, Ranjbar AM, Jafari H, Honarvar M, et al. Formulation and optimisation of oral mucoadhesive patches of Myrtus communis by box Behnken design. Adv Pharm Bull 2017;7:441–50. https://doi.org/10.15171/apb.2017.053.
  33. Matulyte I, Marksa M, Bernatoniene J. Development of Innovative Chewable Gel Tablets Containing Nutmeg Essential Oil Microcapsules and Their Physical Properties Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2021;13:873. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13060873.
  34. Bagal-Kestwal DR, Pan MH, Chiang BH. Properties and applications of gelatin, pectin, and carrageenan gels. Bio Monomers Green Polym Compos Mater 2019:117–40. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119301714.ch6.
  35. Kaya AOW, Suryani A, Santoso J, Rusli MS. Karakteristik Dan StrukturMikro Gel Campuran. J Kim Dan Kemasan 2015;37:19–28.
  36. Linares-García JA, Ramos-Ramírez EG, Salazar-Montoya JA. Viscoelastic properties and textural characterisation of high methoxyl pectin of hawthorn (Crataegus pubescens) in a gelling system. Int J Food Sci Technol 2015;50:1484–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.12792.
  37. https://www.theweek.in/news/biz-tech/2023/10/03/chuck-the-pill-as-pharma-industry-toys-with-gummies.html#:~:text=While%20gummies%20are%20presently%20used,for%20medicinal%20drugs%2C%20as%20well.
  38. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278691507004243(ginger)
  39. Liu C., Kao C., Tseng Y., Lo Y., Chen C. Ginger phytochemicals inhibit cell growth and modulate drug resistance factors in docetaxel resistant prostate cancer cell. Molecules. 2017;22:1477. doi: 10.3390/molecules22091477.
  40. Tahir A.A., Sani N.F.A., Murad N.A., Makpol S., Ngah W.Z.W., Yusof Y.A.M. Combined ginger extract & Gelam honey modulate Ras/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathway genes in colon cancer HT29 cells. Nutr. J. 2015; 14:31.
  41. Trease and Evans’ Pharmacognosy, 16e (Evans, Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy) Elsevier: New York, 2009.
  42. Ara DerMarderosian, et. al. The Review of Natural Products 4th Edition.
  43. Kokate, C. K.; Gokhale, S. B.; Purohit, A. P. A textbook of Pharmacognosy, 29th ed.; Nirali Prakashan: Pune, 2009.