International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology - IRJIET International Open Access, Monthly, Peer Reviewed, Reputed Journal ISSN (online): 2581-3048

Impact Factor (2025): 6.9

DOI Prefix: 10.47001/IRJIET

Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash, Gravel, and Epoxy Resin Minerals Composite

AndiyantoDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudharto, SH., Semarang 50275, IndonesiaSulardjakaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudharto, SH., Semarang 50275, IndonesiaAgus SuprihantoDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudharto, SH., Semarang 50275, Indonesia

Vol 8 No 5 (2024): Volume 8, Issue 5, May 2024 | Pages: 185-189

International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology

OPEN ACCESS | Research Article | Published Date: 29-05-2024

doi Logo doi.org/10.47001/IRJIET/2024.805028

pdf iconFull Text PDF
Abstract

This study aims to develop mineral composites for machine tool beds. This study utilizes fly ash from coal power plants with gravel rocks. The gravel size was reduced in the ball mill to 100 mesh size. The received fly ash was used. The composition variations between fly ash and gravel fly ash are 100% fly ash, 75% Gravel-25% Fly Ash, 50% Gravel -50% Fly Ash;  25% Fly ash - 75 % Gravel, and Gravel 100%. The epoxy resin used is Bakelite® EPR 174 with Bakelite® EPH 555 hardener, where the ratio is 2 : 1. The process of mixing epoxy resin with fly ash and gravel with a mixing ratio of 82% Fly Ash Gravel and 18% Epoxy Resin. Then tensile tests, compressive tests and impact tests were carried out. From the test results, it was found that the highest density test results in the 50% gravel 50% fly ash composition were 2.03 gr / cm³, the highest tensile strength in 25% gravel 75% fly ash was 10.45 Mpa, the highest compressive strength in 50% gravel 50% fly ash was 35.99 Mpa with the highest impact energy of 0.72 joules in the 50% gravel 50% fly ash composition.

Keywords

fly ash, gravel, epoxy, physical properties, mechanical properties


Citation of this Article

           

Andiyanto, Sulardjaka, Agus Suprihanto, “Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash, Gravel, and Epoxy Resin Minerals Composite”, Published in International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology - IRJIET, Volume 8, Issue 5, pp 185-189, May 2024. Article DOI https://doi.org/10.47001/IRJIET/2024.805028

Licence Copyright (c) 2026 International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology creative common licence This work is licensed under Creative common Attribution Non Commercial 4.0 Internation Licence
References
  1. Kępczak, N., & Pawlowski, W. (2013). Application of Mineral Casting for Machine Tools Beds Vibratory Grinding View project Application of Mineral Casting for Machine Tools Beds. Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering, 17(3), 5–15. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317253190
  2. Kępczak, N., PawŁowski, W., & Kaczmarek, L. (2015). Cast iron and mineral cast applied for machine tool bed-Dynamic behavior analysis. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials, 60(2A), 1023–1029. https://doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0254.
  3. Hatala, M., Dupláková, D., Duplák, J., Goldyniak, D., &Kužma, J. (2020). New trends of mineral composite application in the production of CNC machine tools. TEM Journal, 9(3), 977–982. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM93-20.
  4. Cortés, F., & Castillo, G. (2007). Comparison between the dynamical properties of polymer concrete and grey cast iron for machine tool applications. Materials and Design, 28(5), 1461–1466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2006.03.012.
  5. Rafieizonooz, M., Khankhaje, E., &Rezania, S. (2022). Assessment of environmental and chemical properties of coal ashes, including fly ash and, bottom ash, and coal ash concrete. Journal of Building Engineering, 49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104040.
  6. Hermawan, R., &Riastuti, R. (2022). The Effect of Fly Ash Utilization in Reinforcement Concrete: A Review. Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Science, 3(1), 047–053. https://doi.org/10.51630/ijes.v3i1.37.
  7. Rafieizonooz, M., Khankhaje, E., &Rezania, S. (2022). Assessment of environmental and chemical properties of coal ashes including fly ash and bottom ash, and coal ash concrete. Journal of Building Engineering, 49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104040.
  8. Pasha, S. M. K., Hazarika, H., & Yoshimoto, N. (2019). Physical and mechanical properties of Gravel-Tire Chips Mixture (GTCM). Geosynthetics International, 26(1), 92–110. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgein.18.00041.
  9. Irhayyim, S. S., Hammood, H. S., &Meteab, M. M. (2020). Gravel powder effect in reinforced aluminum alloy matrix composite. Materials Today: Proceedings, 20, 548–554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.09.187. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317253190
  10. Hatala, M., Dupláková, D., Duplák, J., Goldyniak, D., &Kužma, J. (2020). New trends of mineral composite application in the production of CNC machine tools. TEM Journal, 9(3), 977–982. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM93-20.
  11. Markovičová, L., Zatkalíková, V., & Hanusová, P. (2019). Carbon Fiber Polymer Composites. Quality Production Improvement - QPI, 276–280. https://doi.org/10.2478/9783110680591-037.
  12. Keong, G. C., Mohd Walad, M. H. B., Xiong, O. W., Haikel, M. N., Ling, C. H., Ravichandran, R. K. S. O., Kiang, L. T., & Hing, T. L. (2017). A Study on Mechanical Properties and Leaching Behaviour of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Incineration Ash/Epoxy Composites. Energy Procedia, 143, 448–453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.12.780.
  13. A.,V., Holla, V., M. S., K., A., V., & Kulkarni, P. (2018). Effect Of Improving Damping Ratio On Surface Finish By Filling Particulate Reinforced Polymer Composites In Machine Tool Structures. Materials Today: Proceedings, 5, 13664–13673. www.sciencedirect.comwww.materialstoday.com/proceedings
  14. Rajput, V. et al. (2021) ‘Mechanical properties of epoxy composites filled with micro-sized kota stone dust’, in Materials Today: Proceedings. Elsevier Ltd, pp. 2673–2676. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.02.701.
  15. Sheshkar, N. et al. (2021) ‘Enhanced thermal and mechanical properties of hydrophobic graphite-embedded polydimethylsiloxane composite’, Journal of Polymer Research, 28(11). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-021-02774-w.
  16. Indra Reddy, M. et al. (2018) ‘Comparative Evaluation on Mechanical Properties of Jute, Pineapple leaf fiber and Glass fiber Reinforced Composites with Polyester and Epoxy Resin Matrices’, in Materials Today: Proceedings. Elsevier Ltd, pp. 5649–5654. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.12.158.
  17. Bhatt, A., Priyadarshini, S., Acharath Mohanakrishnan, A., Abri, A., Sattler, M., & Techapaphawit, S. (2019). Physical, chemical, and geotechnical properties of coal fly ash: A global review. Case Studies in Construction Materials, 11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2019.e00263.
  18. Tiopan H M Gultom and Christian Gerald Daniel (2021) MEKANIKA TANAH. CV Pena Persada.

Copyright @ 2026 IRJIET. All Right Reserved.

Licensed underCreative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.