International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology - IRJIET International Open Access, Monthly, Peer Reviewed, Reputed Journal ISSN (online): 2581-3048

Impact Factor (2025): 6.9

DOI Prefix: 10.47001/IRJIET

Remote-Controlled Drone-Based Spray Pollination System for Greenhouse Bitter Gourd Cultivation

Abstract

Background: Agriculture is globally essential yet faces numerous challenges due to the rapid growth of human population and declining pollinator populations, highlighting the need for innovative solutions.

Aim: This aimed to design and to develop a remote-controlled drone-based spray pollination system for greenhouse bitter gourd cultivation.

Design: The drone was developed through Research and Development (R&D) design, including prototype designing, functionality testing, and adaptability and acceptability evaluation.

Results: This study successfully designed a drone-based spray pollination system, achieving a 92% success rate in fertilizing female bitter gourd flowers. The data collection involved the participation of six respondents who completed the evaluation questionnaire. The evaluation ratings indicated a high acceptability level, with an overall mean rating of 3.91 and a standard deviation of 0.29, as well as a high adaptability level, with an overall mean rating of 4.00 and a standard deviation of 0.13, respectively. These findings showcase the prototype's potential for advancement in agricultural robotics.

Conclusion: The drone-based spray pollination system, using a pollen concentration water suspension, was concluded to have high levels in all the following aspects: functionality, adaptability, and acceptability. This highlights that the drone is reliable and effective.

Implication: The prototype's potential extends to addressing environmental challenges and advancing agricultural productivity and sustainability through drone-based pollination technology.

Country : Philippines

1 Angel Marie J. Legario2 Christine B. Beltran3 Pauline Faye S. Ontoy4 Tristan Sam B. Rondael5 Princess Audrei Joy B. Sabanal6 Althea Jewel J. Suarez7 Karl Evan R. Pama

  1. Student, Notre Dame of Marbel University - Integrated Basic Education Department, Senior High School, Philippines
  2. Student, Notre Dame of Marbel University - Integrated Basic Education Department, Senior High School, Philippines
  3. Student, Notre Dame of Marbel University - Integrated Basic Education Department, Senior High School, Philippines
  4. Student, Notre Dame of Marbel University - Integrated Basic Education Department, Senior High School, Philippines
  5. Student, Notre Dame of Marbel University - Integrated Basic Education Department, Senior High School, Philippines
  6. Student, Notre Dame of Marbel University - Integrated Basic Education Department, Senior High School, Philippines
  7. Faculty, Notre Dame of Marbel University - Integrated Basic Education Department, Senior High School, Philippines

IRJIET, Volume 8, Issue 6, June 2024 pp. 110-120

doi.org/10.47001/IRJIET/2024.806014

Full Paper
Download

References

  1. Alyafei, M.S., Dakheel, A.A., Almoosa, M., & Ahmed, Z.F.R. (2022). Innovative and effective spray method for artificial pollination of date palm using drone. Hortscience, 57(10), 1298–1305. https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci16739-22
  2. Blain, L. (2018). Dropcopter’s Drones Boost Crop Pollination by upto 60% in Bad Bee years. New Atlas. https://newatlas.com/dropcopter-pollination-drones-bees/55323/
  3. Chandran, F. (2024). UXin Drone Technology: Simplifying Aerial Devices for Consumer Use. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/ux-drone-technology-simplifying-aerial-devices-use-felix-chandran-ro3fc
  4. Department of Agriculture. (2022). Facing the big challenges in Philippine Agriculture. Official Portal of the Department of Agriculture. https://www.da.gov.ph/facing-the-big-challenges-in-philippine-agriculture/
  5. Djatmiko, I.W., Yatmono, S., & Nugraha, A.C. (2021). Development and effectiveness of drone as a learning media in Islamic Boarding School. Journal of Physics. Conference Series, 2111(1), 012011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2111/1/012011
  6. Dovetail Editorial Team. (2023). What is purposive sampling? Technique, examples, and FAQs. https://dovetail.com/research/purposive-sampling/?fbclid=IwAR1n_rXjWmn-TvInBIIqVFIzzx4xIQJG6KQk7VPhmhgt_8oHfEh5lIdh8Ik
  7. Guzman, S.D., Henspeter, D., Taylor, M., & Duan, S. (2022). Drone Pollination of Flowering Vegetation for Agricultural Applications. Proceedings of the ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. Volume 4: Advances in Aerospace Technology. https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-70545
  8. Hiraguri,T., Shimizu,H., Kimura,T., Matsuda,T., Maruta,K., Takemura,Y., Ohya,T., & Takanashi,T. (2023). Autonomous Drone-Based Pollination System using AI classifier to replace bees for green house tomato cultivation. IEEE Access, 11, 99352–99364. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3312151
  9. Kenton, W. (2024). Research and Development (R&D) Definition, Types, and Importance. Investopedia. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/randd.asp
  10. Kerala Agricultural University. (2019). Bittergourd. KAU Agri-Info tech Portal. http://www.celkau.in/crops/vegetables/Bittergourd/bittergourd.aspx?fbclid=IwAR0eC1MjN6fELBwUvn05V9cmbCZG691-aIhEY5xJkcHWL-muVnjlTN8s8q0
  11. Khalifa, S., Elshafiey, E.H., Shetaia, A.A., El-Wahed, A.A., Algethami, A.F., Musharraf, S.G., Alajmi, M.F., Zhao, C., Masry, S., Abdel-Daim, M.M., Halabi,M.F., Kai, G., Naggar, Y.A., Bishr, M., Diab, M., & El‐Seedi, H.R.(2021). Overview of bee pollination and its economic value for crop production. Insects, 12(8), 688. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12080688
  12. Mull,A., Gunnell, J., Hansen, S.M., Ramirez,R., Bravo,A.W., Zesiger,C., & Spears,L.R. (2022). Factors contributing to bee decline. Digital Commons @ USU. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/extension_curall/2250/
  13. Mutiara,G.A., Hapsari,G.I., & Rijalul,R. (2016). Smart guide extension for blind cane. IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7571896/
  14. Nakweya, G. (2023). Climate-induced decline in pollinators threatens key tropical crops. Nature Africa. https://doi.org/10.1038/d44148-023-00320-y
  15. OECD. (2015). Concepts and definitions for identifying R & D. The measurement of scientific, technological and innovation activities (pp.43–79). https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264239012-4-en
  16. Oscar. (2023). Everything you need to know about electrical wires and connectors in FPV drones. Oscar Liang. https://oscarliang.com/wires-connectors/?fbclid=IwAR14JxgcpmEA6I4AXFmGPr7tbzkqKvDw45_EsN9UeMbhaddVid7SvyBRvxo_aem_AeCRjNLtPOQIdTG_ODNVPF58CFmpKJ_23GtsVfumdl7pPK2nx4zskiNGY039pphFyOcUk3-oJBoPVE7jy47UpISL
  17. Rice,C.R., McDonald,S., Shi,Y., Gan,H., Lee,W.S., Chen,Y., & Wang,Z. (2022). Perception, path planning, and flight control for a Drone-Enabled autonomous pollination system. Robotics (Basel), 11(6), 144. https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics11060144
  18. Ritchie,H., Rosado,P., & Roser,M. (2023). Agricultural production. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/agricultural-production#:~:text=Global%20crop%20production%20has%20changed%20dramatically%20in%20recent
  19. Seker, Z., Craigie, C. A., Guglielmino, P. C., & Stallings, N. A. (2021, May 6). Autonomous drone pollination. Digital WPI. https://digital.wpi.edu/concern/student_works/n296x204q?locale=en
  20. Smitley,D., Brown,D., Finneran,R., Elsner,E., Landis,J., Shrewsbury,P., Herms,D., & Palmer,C. (2019). Factors that threaten pollinator health. Pollinators & Pollination. https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/factors-that-threaten-pollinator-health
  21. Suhri, A. G. M. I., Soesilohadi, R. H., Putra, R. E., Raffiudin, R., Purnobasuki, H., Agus, A., & Kahono, S. (2022). The Effectiveness of Stingless Bees on Pollination of Bitter Melon Plants Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae). Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology, 7(3), 69124. https://doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.69124
  22. Susitra,D., Jebaseeli, E. a. E., Chitturi, V. K., & Chadalavada, V. (2020). Design and development of an Hexacopter for fertilizer spraying in agriculture fields. Journal of Physics. Conference Series, 1706(1), 012053. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1706/1/012053
  23. Tayal, M., Chavana, J., & Kariyat, R.R. (2020). Efficiency of using electric tooth brush as an alternative to a tuning fork for artificial buzz pollination is independent of instrument buzzing frequency. BMC Ecology (Online), 20(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-020-00278-7

Copyright @ 2026-2017 IRJIET. All Right Reserved.

Developed by Byzero Technologies