International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology - IRJIET International Open Access, Monthly, Peer Reviewed, Reputed Journal ISSN (online): 2581-3048

Impact Factor (2025): 6.9

DOI Prefix: 10.47001/IRJIET

Path Analytical Model of Institutional Factors, Student Variables and Implementation of E-Examination in Universities in South-South Zone Nigeria

Ibe Odum IbeDepartment of Educational Foundations and Administration, School of Education, Cross River State College of Education, Akamkpa, NigeriaUsang Ekume OgbanDepartment of Computer Science, School of Science, Cross River State College of Education, Akamkpa, Nigeria

Vol 8 No 9 (2024): Volume 8, Issue 9, September 2024 | Pages: 148-155

International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology

OPEN ACCESS | Research Article | Published Date: 20-09-2024

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Abstract

This study developed a path analytical model for institutional factors (availability of ICT infrastructure, administrative support and technical support services), student variables (digital literacy, attitude towards technology, self-efficacy in technology use) and implementation of e-examination in Universities in South-South Zone Nigeria. Correlational research design was adopted for the study. Three research questions were formulated to guide the study. The population of the study consists of about 43,627 year three students of 2022/2023 session from all the Federal Universities in South-South Nigeria, out of which a sample of 1,309 students was selected for the study. The instrument used for the study was 51-item, modified 4-point likert scale type questionnaire titled ‘‘Institutional Factors, Student Variables and Implementation of E-examination Questionnaire’’ (IFSVIEQ). Cronbach co-efficient Alpha reliability method was used to establish the reliability estimate of the instrument, and the coefficient of internal consistency ranged between 0.72 and 0.91. Data collected were analyzed using Path analysis technique at 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that both institutional factors and student variables collectively and individually predicted the implementation of e-examination in universities. The result also revealed that there was a significant and very strong positive correlation between institutional factors, student variables and implementation of e-examination in universities. The result finally revealed that the proportion of the total direct to total indirect effects of institutional factors and student variables on e-examination implementation indicated that the exogenous variables had more direct effects than indirect effects on e-examination implementation in universities. Based on this, it was recommended among others, that Universities should create and develop a comprehensive ICT plan, install modern computers and network infrastructure so as to enhance effective implementation of e-exam.

Keywords

Path Analytical Model, Institutional Factors, Student Variables and E-examination


Citation of this Article

Ibe Odum Ibe, & Usang Ekume Ogban. (2024). Path Analytical Model of Institutional Factors, Student Variables and Implementation of E-Examination in Universities in South-South Zone Nigeria. International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology - IRJIET, 8(9), 148-155. Article DOI https://doi.org/10.47001/IRJIET/2024.809018

Licence Copyright (c) 2026 International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology creative common licence This work is licensed under Creative common Attribution Non Commercial 4.0 Internation Licence
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