International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology - IRJIET International Open Access, Monthly, Peer Reviewed, Reputed Journal ISSN (online): 2581-3048

Impact Factor (2025): 6.9

DOI Prefix: 10.47001/IRJIET

Neural Networks in Image Processing: A Review of Architectures, Datasets, and Performance

Mohammad Abid Al-HashimDepartment of Computer Science /College of Computer Science and Mathematics / University of Mosul, Iraq

Vol 9 No 10 (2025): Volume 9, Issue 10, October 2025 | Pages: 29-36

International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology

OPEN ACCESS | Research Article | Published Date: 13-10-2025

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Abstract

The rapid advancement of neural network-based methods has made an important transformation in image processing field. This transformation provided an unprecedented performance in a wide range of applications such as segmentation, classification enhancement, and generation. This paper provides comprehensive overview of the main neural network used in image processing, which are convolutional neural networks (CNNs), autoencoders, generative adversarial networks (GANs), and vision transformers (ViTs). The design principles behind these models have been discussed and their strengths and limitations in various image processing tasks were highlighted. Moreover, the most widely used benchmark datasets and performance metrics that facilitate objective evaluation were examined and comparison of different approaches and comparison of different approaches has been done. The trade-offs between model accuracy, computational efficiency, and scalability was also explored by analyzing recent trends. Finally, the current challenges and outline future research directions aimed at developing more efficient, interpretable, and generalizable neural network solutions for image processing have been addressed.

Keywords

Neural Networks, Image Processing, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Image Classification, Image Segmentation, Image Enhancement, Benchmark Datasets


Citation of this Article

Mohammad Abid Al-Hashim. (2025). Neural Networks in Image Processing: A Review of Architectures, Datasets, and Performance. International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology - IRJIET, 9(10), 29-36. Article DOI https://doi.org/10.47001/IRJIET/2025.910005

Licence Copyright (c) 2026 International Research Journal of Innovations in Engineering and Technology creative common licence This work is licensed under Creative common Attribution Non Commercial 4.0 Internation Licence
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