Impact Factor (2025): 6.9
DOI Prefix: 10.47001/IRJIET
Unplugged
or improperly plugged, orphaned or abandoned oil wells have become major
environmental concern to crude oil producing and neighborhood communities. They
provide potential conduits for fluids to migrate between formations and into
the fresh water zones. Emissions can also seep to the surface and potentially
cause fire-outbreak or risk to health and property. This can result from
inadequate hydraulic conditions leading to excessive buildup of pressure. The
Oloibiri Oilfield was abandoned since 1978 without recovery plan to drain the
estimated 21.3 million barrels of crude left-over. This had spurred serious
concerns due to recent oil/gas well blowout incidents across the Niger Delta
region. On this basis, research work became necessary to study and identifies
some of these legacy oil and gas wells abandoned for decades with a view to
assessing potential leaks and analyzing the risks. The vicinity of 7 out of 21
abandoned Oil/Gas Well Heads were sampled at distances of 0m, 2m, 5m, 10m, 15m,
20m and 25m radius in north, east, south and west directions off the wellheads
over a period of 6 weeks. In this report analysis of direct onsite emissions of
methane at the radius distances of the abandoned oil and gas well heads at
Oloibiri and Otuabagi are presented. The Aeroqual S200 Multi-Gas Monitor was
used to instantaneously sample detectible limits of Methane gas leaks
(Townsend-Small and Hoschouer, 2021). The study area showed significant excess
Methane loads over four (4) to twenty (20) times above the naturally expected
atmospheric condition of 2.2 ppm by volume. The sustained buildup in
concentration is therefore sufficiently high enough to cause direct or indirect
impact on animate life, hence the ecosystem, as the hydraulic pressure of
methane and other gaseous emissions in the annular casing continues unabated in
the long run.
Country : Nigeria
IRJIET, Volume 9, Issue 4, April 2025 pp. 228-236