Impact Factor (2025): 6.9
DOI Prefix: 10.47001/IRJIET
Cocoa is an
important cash crop globally. It is a popular raw material in the pharmaceutical,
cosmetics, and food industries. Despite many products and applications of
cocoa, it is largely exported without any form of value addition. This is
because the local producers lack machinery to add value to the produce.
Imported roasters are very expensive and unaffordable by local cocoa farmers.
Recently, Federal Government of Nigeria banned the importation of twenty-five
products, including cocoa products. Consequently, there is urgent need to
develop cocoa processing machines to leverage the government policy to enrich
local farmers and investors in the beverage industry. This research is aimed at
developing a cocoa roaster and evaluating same. Geometric modeling of a cocoa
roaster was done with Pro/Engineer® Software. Theoretical design
calculations resulted in the selection of 0.5 kW three phase gear motor and
heating element of 1000 W forturning the roasting drum and heating same,
respectively. Food grade stainless steel sheet and perforated sheet were used
in developing the critical parts of the machine due to its high resistance to
corrosion. Fabrication methods such as cutting, welding, drilling and grinding
were used in developing the machine. Cocoa beans were sourced from Kurmi local
government area, Taraba State, Nigeria, and used in evaluating the machine. 100
g of cocoa beans samples were roasted at 140, 145, 150, 155, 160 and 165 0C
and corresponding roasting times of 45, 40, 35, 32, 32 and 28 minutes,
respectively. Input current to the
temperature control panel and output current from the panel to the gear motor
and heating element were measured with a clamp meter at different roasting
temperatures. Specific energy consumption chart showed that energy consumption
decreases at higher roasting temperatures and lower roasting times. As long as
the aroma and flavour of the cocoa are preserved, it is more economical to
roast at higher temperatures and shorter times. The developed 7 kg capacity
cocoa bean roaster is suitable for small-scale cocoa processing.
Country : Nigeria
IRJIET, Volume 10, Issue 4, April 2026 pp. 166-175